Gear-making machine



J. F. CRAWFORD. GEAR MAKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14, 1921.

1 A28, 2 1 9'. Patented Sept. 5, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

J. F. CRAWFORD.

GEAR MAKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, I921- 1,428,219. PatenbedSept. 5, 1922..

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2..

J. F. CRAWFORD.

GEAR MAKING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 14, 1921.

1,428,219. PatentedSept. 5,1922.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.-

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J. F. CRAWFORD. GEARMAKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAR-14,1921.

Patented Sept. 5-, 1922.

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Patented Sept. 5, 1922.

JOHN F. Gamma; oriaacmn, Wisconsin, AssiteNoR T0 J. I. cA'sEi rrmEsHI'Ne MACHINE COMPANY, OFRACINE, WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION.

GEAR MAKING MAoIriNE.

Appiication area March 14, 1921. seriarno. 452,369.

itha's be'enthe' practice to produce such gearing' by machine cutting, rolling, casting, and drop for'ging,'some of which methods are not entirely satisfactory, aster instance when employing the casting or drop forge plan a certain amount of'draitmust be included with thearticle, and particularly when making spur gears,'which condition limits the accuracy of the product when finished The object of my invention is to produce amachine for pressing into accurate form bevel and spur gears, worm gear wheels, and the like, which I accomplish in a rapid manner by' forming the reqiiired"nuinber of teeth on the'periphe'ry of thegea'r blank and completingthe' toothed surface'of the gearata single operat'ion', as will be fur thermore fully explained.

In the accompanyingdrawings, forming part hereof, Figure 1 isa side elevation of a hydraulic press adapted to operate my improvement which is shownin connection therewith Fig.2, a plan showing the platen oi said press within improved mechanisms mounted thereon; I presse'r-arms forming part of my invention; Fig. 1-, a detailvert ical sectional view sho'w ing the position of the" pi'esser-arms after a gear has been pressed into form Fig/ 5,

'a detail sectional view somewhat similar to'Fig; 4L but showing the'presser-a1'1ns in position to receive and operate upon a gear blank; Fig: 6, a detail lanshowing the presse1.'arm guides whichI employ; F g. a vertical sectional View of theche at the upper end ofthe press; Fig; 8, an underside view of said die; Fig; 9,"a detail sectional view ofaportio'n of said invention; Fig. 10, a detail sectional'view'of a bevel gear blank, and Fig. 11 is a detail sectional view '01 a gear produced from saidblank.

In said drawings the portions marked, 5, indicate the posts of the press which I 'may employ; 6,'tl"1e"adjustable head thereon carrying a die 6; 7 the adjusting collars tor ig. 3, a plan or the" changing the position of'saiclj headj 8,-the platen; 9, 10, therams or"pluiigers forhydrauli'cally actuating th'pliatenfi 11,12, the, pipes 'for'conveyin fluid to sardines; 13 the rain for operating the resser-arm 'actu atlng ram,'14; and15, l,the pipes forcon veyingfiuid tosa'idfrains 13 and 14.? The ress construction is of afwell'lkno'wnfform1 and 'arrangemeiigfl and while the ames; p a' i yi eixo my nv n' or i will be understood 'thatia y desiredfforni of hydraulic" r n press, or mechanicall" driven'p'ress or other mechanism'rnaybe an; ployed forthe purpose, and,'thereiore,'such press" will only be hereinafter'referred td indidentally in describing my invention arid its operation. I l Upon the platen8 I m 'o uiitef circular frame havingjabase, 2Q, wh-ich"is secured to said vpl'alten by clamps, 21, or otherwise, and which trame embodies afpli ralit'y of presserrm bearing ip ers, 22, which preferably" are: of considerable" cross'section andfd'epressed, at their lower ends, as atf 23g Ineachof saidbearingsup pe i r a '.b i fin's,i wh h 'is mounted a "presser-arm',' 25', Saidar'ni 'p'ref erably comprising areuaaaeha k, 26,co'nf stitutingfla journal fittedint'o said bearing: so that the arm maybe frock'ed illi :3, vertical direction; Iheiarm" recessedl in its' upper side, at 27, and is centrally bereaironi the termination of said recess to it's forward end upon which enda'bit, 28, is' mounted and held securely'in'position by a bolt, 29, orotherwise, and may be further secured by dowel pins, 29' said bit being provided with one or more tooth sections; 30, in ac cordarice with'the character of the gear to beproduced. It will beno'te'd that frame base'QO comprises'several' angles in its for ma'tion'whi'c'h prdvideaseat,31', and achany ber, 32, for purposes which will appear. Mdunted insaid chamber 32 is; a plunger, 38, ada-ptedto' be reciprocat'ed Vertically, and when in lowermost positionrest's' inseat 31 its lower end terminating in the ram 14.; In said plunger I provide a suitable hardened die-block, 34','between which and a siniilar block, 35,on"the"uppe r die 6 and the bit ends of arms 25 is positioned the blankto' be formed into a", 3ear. In order to prevent scale or otherm'aterial' from lodging on seat 31' I may place acanvas covering; 31, about the space between sa'idseat and plunger 33,

attaching the same to each such element by screws, or otherwise, so that it will. follow the movement of the mechanism to which it is attached. As indicated in the drawings, the journal 26 of arm 25 is merely inserted in the bearing 24 and not otherwise secured therein, and, therefore, in order to insure that each arm 25 will accurately operate I project the forward or bit ends thereof through a slotted guide, 38, there being a complement of guides for the number of arms 25 employed. Said, guides 38 (Fig. 5) can be part of a unitary structure, 39, which I prefer to make circular in foun and secure the same to plunger 33 by bolts, 40, or otherwise. It will be understood that a structure for the purpose disclosed must necessarily be of a massive character and entirely rigid, and, therefore, in order to securely bind the frame comprising the base 20 and bearings 22, I place a heavy flanged ring, 41, on top of said bearings and fixedly connect such parts, as by the bolts 42, by which arrangement bearings 22 are not disturbed by the lateral end thrust of arms 25. The upper side of plunger 83 and the die block 35 are'so shaped as to conform to the shape of arms 25 so that the latter rest upon said plunger (Fig. 5) and register with the upper die-block 35 when contacting therewith (Fig. 4).

In operation a blank, as 45, is placed between die-block 34 and the bits 28, the arms 25 being in the position indicated in Fig. 5. The blank is then brought into contact with a die, as 6, and extreme pressure applied to the parts, as by the hydraulic system herein referred to, or otherwise. Such pressure results in forcing the material of which the blank is composed between the toothed sections 30 of bits 28, and as such pressure continues the arms 25 with the plunger 33 carrying die-block 34 are forced downwardly from the position shown in Fig. 5 to that shown in Fig. 4, so that as the contact between the parts exists until such latter position is reached, a constant spreading or pressing of the material into the grooves between the bits 28 occurs, as indicated in Fig. 3, and as the operation is completed a perfectly and accurately formed gear, 46, is produced without fins or draft as hereinbefore referred to, and which require no finishing. The gear may be readily removed by raising or withdrawing the arms 25 to a position such as indicated in Fig. 5 when another blank may be introduced and the work continued.

While I have shown and described an arrangement involving a plurality of radially positioned arms I desire it to be understood that such form is especially adapted to pressing bevel gears, but where work of a different character is required the number of arms may be materially reduced in proportion to ,eie

the number Of teeth to be formed, as for example, when making acomparatively large gear or a gear of special tooth shape, as a less number of arms with properly designed bits may accomplish the work.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a gear making machine, means upon which a gear blank is positioned, vertically swinging arms having toothed sections adapted to grip the periphery of said blanks, and means for contacting the opposite end of said blank, said elements when actuated pressing said blank into gear form.

2. In a gear making machine, a frame embodying bearings, vertically swinging presser-arms mounted in said bearings, means between said arms for supporting a gear blank, means adapted to contact with one side of said blank, and means for actuating said supporting means for engaging said contacting means to press said blank thereb-etween and between said arms.

3. In a gear making machine, a frame embodying a bearing, a vertically movable presser-arm mounted in said bearing, and means for actuating said arm to engage a gear blank.

4. In a gear making machine, a frame, a

plurality of vertically movable presser-arms mounted therein, means between said arms for supporting a gear blank, and means for actuating said arms to grip and form teeth in said blank.

5. In a gear making machine, a frame, vertically movable presser-arms mounted in said frame, movable means upon which the upper ends of said arms rest, and means for actuating said movable means to bring said arms into engagement with a gear blank and to disengage thesame from said blank.

6. In a gear making machine, a frame, a vertically movable presser-arm mounted therein, a tooth-forming bit mounted at one end of said arm, and means for securing said bit thereto.

7. In a gear making machine, a frame, a vertically movable presser-arm mounted therein, a tooth-forming bit mounted at one end of said arm, and a bolt in said arm for securing said bit thereto.

8. In a gear making machine, a frame, and a vertically movable resser-arm mounted therein having a shank at one end and a removable bit at its opposite end.

9. In a gear making machine, a frame, a plurality of swinging presser-arms mounted therein in radial relation, a plunger beneath said arms adapted to support a gear blank between the ends of said arms, means for contacting the opposite end of said blank, and means for actuating said plunger to carry said arms and blank against said contacting means for pressing said blank into gear formation between said arms.

10. In a gear making machine, a frame,

swinging resser-arms mounted therein, guides Within vvhlch the movement of sald arms is controlled, and means for actuating chamber, bearings mounted on said base,

resser-arms mounted in said bearings and supported by said plunger, a die, and means for actuating said plunger to move said arms into contact with said die for pressing a gear blank.

12. In a gear making machine, a base, a chamber in said base, a plunger mounted in said chamber, means for preventing the entrance of extraneous matter between said base and plunger, bearings mounted on said base, arms mounted in said bearings, a die, and means for actuating said plunger to move said arms into contact With said die for pressing a gear blank.

18. In a gear making machine, a base, a plunger mounted therein, a plurality of bearings mounted upon said base, a plurality of guides mounted on said plunger, presserarms mounted in said bearings and passing through said guides, and means for actuating said plunger and arms to press a blank into gear formation.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature.

JOHN F. CRAWFORD. 

